Origins | Human Law
The word law has roots in Old English and Old Norse.
Old English "Law": It originates from the Old English word lagu, meaning "something laid down or fixed."
Norse "Law": The Norse concept of law (from the Old Norse word lag, means "something laid or settled"). The Norsemen, also known as Vikings, introduced many legal concepts and words into English when they settled parts of England during the Viking Age (8th–11th centuries).
The concept of "law" as a formal system of rules governing society began to solidify in the early Middle Ages in England. The term law itself, in the sense we know today, was introduced into the English language between the 9th and 11th centuries, influenced by Old Norse due to Viking invasions and settlements. During this time, the Anglo-Saxon legal system, which had been developing since around the 7th century, began incorporating terms from Norse.
Often considered one of the earliest attempts to codify laws, attributed to King Urukagina of Lagash.
The Code of Ur-Nammu is a set of Sumerian laws dating back to around 2100–2050 BCE during the reign of King Ur-Nammu of Ur, a city-state in ancient Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq). It includes laws that focus on justice, fines, and specific penalties.
Significance: The oldest fully known legal code, attributed to King Ur-Nammu.
Significance: Although not as well-known as other codes, the Laws of Eshnunna are among the earliest codified laws
Significance: This code predates the Code of Hammurabi and served as a model for other Mesopotamian codes.
The Code of Hammurabi, dating to around 1754 BCE, is one of the most complete and well-preserved early legal codes. Inscribed on a large stone stele, it introduced the concept of "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth."
Significance: Reflects a legal system in the Hittite Empire that was distinct from Mesopotamian traditions.
Significance: While not purely a legal code, the Mosaic Law (including the Ten Commandments) laid down moral and religious rules that guided Israelite society.
Legal Frameworks | Landscapes
The Right to information Bill
Ghana's Right to Information Bill (RTI)
The RTI Act applies to all public institutions in Ghana, including ministries, departments, and agencies, as well as some private entities performing public functions. Citizens can request information from these authorities if the information is not classified as confidential or sensitive.
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