Overview of Lt. Gen. Frederick W.K. Akuffo’s Leadership
Lt. Gen. Frederick William Kwasi Akuffo served as the Head of State of Ghana from July 5, 1978, to June 4, 1979. His tenure was marked by significant political and economic challenges, as well as efforts to transition Ghana back to civilian rule.
Early Life and Military Career
Born on March 21, 1937, in Akropong, Eastern Region, Akuffo enlisted in the Ghana Army in 1957. He trained at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, UK, and rose through the ranks to become the Chief of Defence Staff in 1976.
Rise to Power
Akuffo came to power through a palace coup on July 5, 1978, overthrowing General Ignatius Kutu Acheampong. He became the Chairman of the Supreme Military Council (SMC) and continued preparations for a return to constitutional rule.
Key Policies and Initiatives
Operation Keep Right:
- Akuffo supervised the successful changeover of traffic flow in Ghana from driving on the left to driving on the right in August 1974
Economic Reforms:
- His administration faced economic difficulties, and efforts to stabilize the economy were met with mixed results
Political Reforms:
- Akuffo lifted the ban on political activities and initiated the drafting of a new constitution to facilitate a return to civilian rule.
Downfall and Execution
Akuffo’s government was overthrown on June 4, 1979, by a military uprising led by Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings and the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC). He was executed by firing squad on June 26, 1979, along with other senior military officers.
Legacy
Lt. Gen. Frederick W.K. Akuffo’s brief tenure as Head of State is remembered for his attempts to transition Ghana back to civilian rule and the economic challenges his administration faced. His execution marked a significant and tumultuous period in Ghana’s political history.